Even More Questions 9-15

9
The wall was built to keep people from East from fleeing to the West. It cut communications between the two parts of the city. It symbolizes Communist repression.

10
The Soviets had missiles in Cuba, and the US feared that they would be used against us.

11
It was their was of saying it was okay to take any and all measures secessary to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States.

12
It was a chemical herbicide sprayed in Vietnam to clear out forests and tall grasses. It is bleieved to have contaminated many Americans and Vietnamese, causing serious health problems.

13
It was a series of attacks throughout South Vietnam. These attacks marked a turning point in the Vietnam War. It targeted American military bases and South Vietnam's major cities.

14

In WWII, we had a reason to fight. In Vietnam, Americans thought it was a civil war and that we should've minded our own business.
15
President Johnson's decision was a bad one. During war, a stable government is important, and part of a stable government is not introducing radical new policies. By no running, President Johnson opened up the opportunity for a new president to introduce new policies. Also, he knew the war better than a new president would and so was more qualified to lead the military.

Don't Know Much About The Cold War

How many television sets were sold in 1950? How did television change America? What other factors changed America in the 50s?
More than 4 million sets were sold. It was a new sort of entertainment. People moved into suburbs, the construction of super highways began, and everybody starts buying cars. This brings fast-food drive-ins

What three important novels were published in the 50s? What did they do or promote?
The Naked and the Dead- Norman Mailer. It presented a different and uncomfortable picture of the American GI in combat.

The Catcher in the Rye- J.D. Salinger. The alienation of youth.

The Adventures of Augie March- Saul Bellow- about the angst of a generation

What was the Iron Curtain?
The Soviets and the Europeans become separated.

What was the Truman Doctrine about?
Truman helps Greece and Turkey from becoming communist countries.

What were the “witch hunts” of the 1950s? Why did this happen?
Anti-communist frenzy in the U.S.

Who was Klaus Fuchs? Describe the Rosenberg case?
He gave away atom bomb information to the communists. He was a spy, who worked the Manhattan Project

What was the Korean War about? Why was MacArthur removed from service?
North Korea invaded South Korea. The U.S. supported South Korea while the North was supported by the communist Soviets. MacArthur was removed because he thought if the U.S. was going to contain communism that we needed to kill China. Truman disagreed with him.

What was important about Brown v. Board of Education? How did Eisenhower have to enforce it’s ruling in Little Rock?
It was the time in which black people were not allowed in school with whites.

Discuss the importance of the Montgomery Bus Strike.
A black woman tried to sit in the front of the bus and was told to get off. She was arrested and then Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. stood up and asked his people to boycott Montgomery’s transportation.

Discuss the beginning of the space race.

The Soviets launched Sputnik, man’s first artificial satellite, on October 4, 1957. It meant that the Soviets had taken the lead in development of the intercontinental ballistic missile, thereby fundamentally altering the balance of power between them and the U.S. The response to Sputnik was a total overhaul of American education, mainly in the field of rocketry. Then it was a race to see who could get to the moon first.

Quesions!

Quesions

pg. 811
9. Winston Churchill believed that the division between East and West was permanent. In 1946 he declared in a speech in Fultron, Missouri, that an iron curtain had descended on Euroupe. He meant that the Soviets had cut off Eastern Europe from the West. Behind the curtain was the Soviets holding control.

11. A cold war is one in which the two enemies did no actually fight eachother, instead they all fight to be the most superior nation.

13. It was a Government Issue. They gave the opportunity for returning GI's to go to college, get a job, specialized training, etc.

15. There was no victor, but there were many deaths. More than 54,000 Americans died in the war and another 103,000 were wounded. Nearly 2,000,000 Koreans and Chinese died. It then became a demilitarized zone. It was also a direct threat to the Soviets. The US sent a message that we were committed to fighting Communist expansion with money, arms, and even lives.

16. The purpose was to invest communism in America

pg. 834
5. Hawaii and Alaska

9. Fidel Castro

10. Travel by plane was a great technological advancement for the US. It was fast easy and safe. Television became more common. Computers were used for big businesses.

14. All the rich people left the poor people in the dust. The inner cities became islands of poverty.

16. Because if they had nuclear weapons they would have enough control to not need large armies.

17. The need for vehicles became more and more because the money from taxes could not pay for public transportation

Don't Know Much About History: Part II

1) Why did FDR want to pack the supreme court? Did it work? Do you think this was constitutionally correct?
He wanted to pack it so that he could get justices that were on his side. It was filled with republicans who did not support the New Deal. It did not work for him and was not constitutionally correct.

2) What is a theory about Amelia Earhart's death? Why was she important?
She was shot down by the Japanese, or she crashed into the Ocean.

3) What was Lend-Lease?
He was granted unprecedented powers to aid any country whose defense was deemed vital to the defense of the United States.

4) Discuss the BATTLE OF BRITAIN.
First aerial attack on England by the German air force. Nazi's decide to launch an invasion across the Channel.

5) What were some of the reasons isolationists wanted to stay out of the war?
They were still feeling the effects of the depression and memories of WWI, so they didn't thing WWII would be worth it. They didn't want to get into other people's affairs at the possible loss of so many people's lives lost.

6) What was the traditional definition of Fascism? Who were the Fascists of Europe in the 30s?
A military dictatorship built on racist and powerfully nationalistic foundations, generally with the brad support of the business class.

7) Who were the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy, and Japan

8) In what year and month did Japan invade Perking?
July, 1937

9) What were the aggressive actions of Germany and Italy before the start of WWII?
Germany took Austria-Hungary and Poland, signed a nutrallity pact with Russia, and annexed Checozslavakia. Italy invaded Albania, Greece and Eithiopia

10) What are the two views of Pearl Harbor?
We knew about it and were cocky about what the outcome would be, and the other is that we knew about it and we let it happen.

11) What does Japan cite as reasons to go to war?
Their oil supply was cut-off

12) What is the date of Pearl Harbor?
Dec. 7, 1941

13) What is the date of D-Day?
June 6, 1944

14) What was the cost of World War II?
38,000,000+ deaths.

15) What was the Yalta Conference?
Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Josef Stalin conducted the war against Germany. The idea was to clean up.

16) What did Stalin demand in return for his agreement to enter the war against Japan?
The soviets got control of Manchuria and Mongolia, and would get half of Sakhalm Island and the Kurile Islands. They would also get occupation in Korea as well as a vote in the United Nations.

17) What is FDR's legacy?
He was the indispensible man in the era of depression and war.

18) Did the U.S. have to drop Atomic weapons on Japan? List the various PROs and CONs to this argument.
The U.S. did not have to drop the bomb. The war in Japan was however extremely deadly, they had a mentality that they should never surrender. The culture was very much about honor so the idea of surrender was horrible to them. They knew they were doomed, but surrender was far worse than death, and fighting people like this was terrible. They would run at you with no regard for their own life and could inflict terrible casualties this way. The bomb helped stop these terrible battles. The bomb was terrible but maybe helped stop thousands of American deaths, at the cost of hundreds of thousands of deaths. It was terrible and not neccesary, but the military in Japan probably happily welcomed it.

19) How did the Cold War start?
The build-up of nuclear weapons by both the Soviets and the Americans.

Don't Know Much About History

1) Name five important books of the 1920s.
The Great Gatsby- F. Scott Fitzgerald
Three Soldiers - John Dos Passos
The Sun Also Rises - Ernest Hemingway
Main Street and Babbitt - Sinclair Lewis

2) What was the first "talkie"? How did it change America?
The first talkie was The Jazz Singer, which starred Al Jolson in blackface. After that, Hollywood spent millions of dollars to produce movies because the public couldn't get enough of them.

3) Discuss the "Red Scare of 1919".
Communism was alive in Russia and the Americans didn't want that to happen to them so it was easy to create hysteria with the Red Scare. It was a fear, or dislike, towards any foreign ideas.

4) What was the 18th amendment? Why was it enacted? How did it go wrong?
It prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within the United States. Prohibition drove drunkenness behind doors and into dark places. It was hard to enforce it.

5) Who were Susan B. Anthony and Alice Paul?
They founded National Woman Suffrage Association, which helped enforce the 14th amendment.

6) What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America?
He built the first gasoline-driven car in the Edison company in Detroit (1890). He made it possible for everybody to have a car. The model T sold for under $300.

7) What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times?
He he was the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic. He added another boost to American feelings of confidence, invincibility, and Hoover's "rugged individualism."

8) What were "pool operators" and how were they crooked?
They were people who manipulated the stock market. They bought cheap stocks, drove up the prices, them dumped them off, leaving them to a sucker holding a bag of overpriced stock.

9) How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash?
People bought what they couldn't pay for, and when they all tried to get their money out of the bank, the banks then ran out of money, leaving share holders with debt they couldn't pay off.

10) What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday?
On Black Thursday 13 million shares of stock were sold. On Black Tuesday more than 16 million shares were sold off.

11) What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs?
He didn't believe in them. He believed that the government shouldn't get involved in people's business. He believed the economy would fix itself and that people were tough and could just wait out the depression because it was just part of an economic cycle that happened all the time. He thought relief programs were socialist or communist.

12) What was the "Bonus Army"?
It was a large group of veterans and their families who had been promised a bonus to be given in 1945. They camped outside the White House and the Capitol to get their money, because they needed it and knew they deserved it. They were attacked by the military and run off with the use of huge force sent by Hoover.

13) What happened during the "Hundred Days"?
FDR and the Congress passed many relief and reform pieces of legislation, sometimes without even reading them. They were aimed at making a dent in the problems that the Depression had caused. FDR's attitude was to try anything, and if it didn't work to get rid of it.

14) What was the WPA and what did it do?
The WPA was the Work Projects Administration. The WPA was responsible for 10% of the new roads in the US. It also built new hospitals, city halls, courthouses, and schools. They also set up artistic projects that employed thousands of musicians, writers, and artists.

15) What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?
Fireside Chats were FDR's way to speak to the American public. They were talks that he gave on the radio. They became important because it was the first time that the people felt the government was speaking directly to them.

5-20 Chapter 23

5)
The alliances aimed to keep peace by creating a system that prevented any one counrty from dominating the others.

6)
It said that they were gonna team up with Mexico and that they had a chance to get some of their land back in New Mexico, Texas and Arizona. The U.S. reacted angrily to this.

7)
It was a warning sent out by German Military boats. They had to warn passenger and neutral ships before attacking.

8)
Wilson

9)
Russia's withdrawal from the war allowed the Germans to move hundreds of thousands of troops from the Eastern Front to the Western Front in France.

10)
The Food Administration was made. This kept Americans conserving food, and producing more food. The War Industries Board was also an important group for American workers. It was set to make old factories into factories that made war supplies.

11)
President Wilson, Prime Minister David Lloyd Clemenceau of France, and Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy

12)
He didn't want other nations to have any say over American Troops or American Ships.

13)
They could see the layout of soldiers. It was faster than marching. They could drop bombs. They also had guns so they could shoot things, like other planes.

14)
With Russia out of the picture they could join the Allies and attack the Central Powers from both sides. It was supported by the people because the outcome was now more positive.

15)
The United States, Great Britain, France and Italy

18)
About 50 Miles

19)
East

20)
France

Chapter 18 questions

7.) It allowed them to transport goods all over the country, and they could bring food and supplies to the workers.

8.) It began in Victoria, Texas.

9.) Fertile land, for farming, and the buffalos.

10.) African American settlers, who migrated from southern states into Kansas in the late 1870’s.

11.) There was a lack of moisture, flash floods would wipe out all their crop, and when they planted it down deep the plants would not produce large crop yields.

12.) They slaughtered them, to feed the crews who were building the railroads, and to get them out of the way of the railroad.

13.) Oklahoma

14.) He was the Apache leader who was stuck on an Arizona reservation, he led raids against settlers in the army in Arizona. He escaped to Mexico.

15.) It prevented them from getting into debt. It offered farmers education, fellowship, and support.

16.) Free silver

17.) It created large cities including Denver, but there were many ghost towns as well, and boom towns. Virginia city became very popular.

18.) They needed railroads to transport their cattle.

19.) They got into debt and lost their lands, the cost of crops went down, while the prices to buy went state high.

20.) Actions:

-Put them on reservations
-They forced them to adopt the white ways, like education
- The united states army attacked them

21.) Montana

22.) North-east part of Montana

23.) In the north east part of Arizona

Don't Know Much About History

1.) When President Buchanan put a price of 250 on his head, brown responded by giving him two dollars and fifty cents.

2.) His plan was to arm the slaves who would flock to his crusade and march south to establish a black republic in the Appalachians to wage war against the slave holding south.

3.) He became a symbol because he was caught and put on trial for the cause. Many people in the north came to the conclusion the he was a martyr in a just cause.

4.)December 1860, South Carolina was the first state to declare its secession from the Union.

5.) The North had a bigger population, they were economically better off, they outproduced the South in agriculture and livestock. They could increase their wartime supplies and ship them by railroad.
from Richmond. a
The south produced in greater quantities that the North in cotton, they were better riders, showed a greater martial spirit, they owned their own rifles, they were more at home with their weapons.

6.)
a) Bombardment of fort Sumter, the battle that officially starts the war, South Carolina militia forces bombard Fort Sumter, lacking sufficient supplies the fort's commander surrenders.

b) First Battle of Bull Run: In Virgina the Confederate armies rout Union troops. The Union generalship is largely to blame. Thomas Jackson gets his nickname Stonewall for his leadership of the stand made but his troops that turned the tide of battle. After the battle they realize its not going to be three months its going to be two years. The first income-tax law was passed.

c) The Seven days' war June 26-July 2, Lee attacks McClellan and eventually drives him away from Richmond. The Peninsular campaign which might have captured Richmond and ended the war.

d)Battle of Antietam: Single most bloodiest day of the war, 10,000 dead and wounded for each side, Lee pulls back, his invasion blunted, but McClellan fails to pursue the retreating Confederate army. The battle is a critical turning point. With Lee offensive stalled, the likelihood of European recognition of the south is reduced.

e) Battle of Gettysburg: Final turning point of the war, confederates in search for shoes meet up with the union Calvary, reinforcements start pouring in. The Union army takes a strong defensive position and turn back confederate assaults. Confederates loses 28,000 a third of the army's effective strength, Union losses 23,000. Lee retreats to Virginia unable to press his drive against the North.

7.) I don't agree with it because it goes against the constitution where all men are innocent until proven guilty

8.) If his plans weren't found The confederate would have probably the battle and because it was a big turning point of the war the confederate army probably would have won the Civil war.

9.) After the war the south was in bad shape, Reconstruction is a way to rebuild the south while bringing them into the Union. It would readmit states after they had ratified the thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery. Some of the plan involved the people of the south having to swear an oath to the union, giving up their beliefs, or adopting some beliefs to the north. The first of the acts divided the south into military regions under the control of the generals, and accepting the fourteenth amendment they allowed blacks to vote.

10.) The Klu Klux Klan were the most notorious, powerful, and long-lived. They were antagonized whites of the South who were looking for a new way to gain power. They used political terrorism to frighten and suppress not only blacks, but liberal white republicans as well.

11.) Johnson was the first president to be impeached. Under Article II section 4 of the constitution the president shall be removed from office on impeachment for and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. Johnson tried to dismiss war secretary Edwin M. Stanton there fore the house impeached him.

Questions 1-22

1.) To blockade is to close or stop and offensive means on the attack, both are strategies used in the war.

2.) Blockade runners were Confederate ships that would sail in and out of southern ports and the Ironclad was a rebuilt wooden ship covered in thick iron plates used by the south.

3) The Border states were four states (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware) that allowed slavery that remained in the Union accompanied by 20 free states.

4) Habeas Corpus a law that guarantees accused individuals the right to a hearing before being jailed and a draft was a law that required men between the ages of 18 and 35 to serve in the army for three years.

5) 1861-1865

6) They had better leaders, they were fighting a defensive war, they had greater a will to fight.

7) The Union was lead by Abraham Lincoln and the Confederates were lead by Jefferson Davis

8) She was a nurse who became famous for her work with wounded soldiers and is best remembered for organizing the American Red Cross.

9) To prevent supplies from reaching the south and to prevent the south from earning money off the exportation of cotton.

10) It was the Union’s First big win and it became a turning point for them.

11) Lincoln knew that a blow against slavery would make Britain and France less likely to aid the south in the war. He also believed it was important that the president rather than the antislavery republicans in the congress make the decision on putting an end to slavery. So he decided to emancipate, or free, all enslaved African Americans in the south. He announced this plan at such a time that it would not look like it was an act of desperation. Since it applied only to areas that the confederact controlled, it did not actually free anyone. But Lincoln hoped and believed it would give slaves the incentive to run away from their slave owners.

12) In the South men were off fighting in the war and there wasn’t any men left to maintain the crops and fields, so that is was the slaves duty. However in the North the slaves actually fought in the wars.

13) The war not only put them in debt but it was fought on Southern land, so much of their property and land was destroyed during the war.

14) General Lee and his men would be allowed to go home freely and safely as long as they didn’t attack Grant and his men.

15) A West Virginia was formed because there were some who did not support the succession from the Union so they seceded from Virginia and joined the Union.

16) the south used it to transport supplies and in the North it divided the confederate and restricted them from getting or sending supplies.

17) Because no matter what skin color, having the most amount of people on your side in the was is very vital, and it was a war fought for freedom, freedom that African Americans wanted badly.

18) He was a good leader for his men and in return they respected him which helped them work together to get things done. He was also very strategic in planning his attacks.

19)

· Attack on Fort Sumter was fought in 1861 and was the Confederates first attack, and the start of the Civil War.

· Monitor v. Merrimack was fought in 1862, it started a new chapter in naval warfare because it was the first battle fought between two metal ships

· Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863 and it showed that the people were fighting for the rights of slaves and their freedom.

· Lincoln is reelected in 1864 helped the push for the confederates to rejoin the Union

· Appomattox Court House was fought in 1865 and was the end of the war, resulting in Lee surrendering.

20.) Cemetery ridge

21.) Ewell

22.) Lee, Ewell, Pickett, Longstreet and Hill.

Manifest Destiny

Chapter 12

Sections 1-4

1) What was Manifest Destiny?
Manifest Destiny is the idea that the United States was meant to extend its borders from the atlantic ocean to the pacific ocean.

2) The Oregon Territory consisted of what area? Who claimed it?
The huge area that lay between the pacific ocean and the rocky mts. north of california. it included what is now washington oregon idaho and parts of wyoming and montana. The united states, great britain spain and russia claimed it.

3) Who were the Mountain Men?
Fur traders

4) Why was the Oregon Trail important?
It provided a pathway for settlers to go to the west.

5) Discuss the meaning behind the slogan "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"?
It said get oregon or fight basically.

6) James Polk made what promises to the American public during the election of 1844 (list four - you might need to look up on the internet).
He supported the american's sole ownership of oregon.

7) Discuss how Texas became independent.
They wanted the be independent because they felt they had been deprived of freedom of religion, the right to trial by a jury, the right to bear arms, and the right to petition.

8) Discuss the battles of The Alamo and San Jacinto.
We knew we were going to loose the alamo, but they stood strong and fought as best as they could. Texans fought 900 against 1300 yelling "remember the alamo?!" They won the battle and officially became independent.

9) How long did it take the U.S. to annex Texas? Why?
It took about ten years. Because the United States had to agree to let in a slave state.

10) How did the Mexican-American War start? Why did it start? Was it a "Just War"?
American settlement in the southwest led to conflict with Mexico. The Americans wanted California to be part of the country because they felt there would be a safe border around the country. It was unjust because they pretty much just wanted more land and took it by force.

11) What was the American response to the war?
The North didn't like it and the Democrats in the South did like it.

12) List the major battles of the war.
Buena Vista feb. 1847, Monterrey sept. 1846, Mexico City sept. 1847, Santa Fe aug. 1846, Bear Flag Revolt june 1846

13) What was the cost of the war?
The war cost nearly $100,000,000 to fight. An additional $25,000,000 was paid for land.

14) Why was the California Gold Rush important?
There was great economic growth. Miners were getting new pure gold and it was a great time for murchants to sell anything for whatever they wanted.

15) Answer the following questions on page 380 - #6 - #10, #13-#15.
6. They would co-exist
7. He didn't want the unbalance of slave/non-slave states
8. They wanted a safe border around the country and more trade over sea would be possible.
9. We wanted their land and they didn't agree to our offer to buy it so we took it.
10.They could charge whatever they wanted to the miners.

13. We got California, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona Texas, Utah and Colorado
14. They didn't like it.
15. In the Oregon Country they co-existed, with the Mexicans, we went to war and killed them...